Construction plays a special role in the process of satisfying human needs. On the scale of large economic systems, such as a region or a country, this ultimate goal is realized step by step. These stages are related to the level of development of needs, as: construction is obliged to directly satisfy the needs of a person for housing. This is a construction product of the first, highest level; construction performs the function of assistance in meeting other immediate needs, for example, providing premises for production , storage and sale of food, consumer goods and services; production of construction is involved in the process of manufacturing means of production for the production of consumer goods and services;
Architecture largely reflects the leading ideas of its time, and the more progressive they are, the higher their value for humanity. Time does not spare ancient architectural structures. Wars and barbaric destruction led to the destruction of many ancient temples, outstandingly constructed in the Middle Ages and modern times. And nowadays, the ruins of the Athenian Acropolis, the famous Falling Tower of the Campanile in Pisa, the sights of Rome and the like are under threat. In the Soviet Union and in socialist countries, the protection of cultural achievements has become a state matter. VI Lenin attached great importance to the protection and restoration of architectural monuments.
The cyclicality of construction development generally corresponds to the general economic cycle, but it has its own peculiarities related to the nature of the construction industry. Construction, as an industry that participates in the creation of basic production funds, is closely connected with the development of scientific and technical progress. On the one hand, the improvement of construction techniques and technologies allows the construction industry to perform new, previously inaccessible tasks, corresponding to the modern level of the productive forces of society. On the other hand, scientific and technical progress in the field of the consumer of construction products changes demand, forcing construction firms to master new areas of activity for them.
Design, construction, and engineering firms, facility customers, manufacturers and suppliers of construction materials and equipment, financial institutions, and state bodies are involved in the construction process. At the same time, there is a noticeable variety of construction firms in terms of their size and specialization - from small artisanal and family firms to giants of the construction industry with a turnover of billions. The relative slowness of capital turnover in construction and the associated need to use loans, especially when building large houses. A higher degree of risk compared to other industries. These features affect the functioning of the construction market in economically developed countries, which is based on the competitive contract approach, in the conditions of the market economy provides the greatest efficiency of construction production.