7. Technological specialization In addition to sectoral specialization in the types and branches of construction, the construction industry has a well-developed technological specialization in the types and complexes of construction and assembly works. Construction organizations by technological specialization are divided into: general construction and specialized. Public construction organizations that have a certain technological specialization perform the work of the corresponding industry assignment. For example, they carry out the construction of machine-building plants, metallurgical plants, thermal power plants and hydroelectric plants, railways and highways, subways and tunnels, residential buildings, elevators and other agricultural complexes. Specialized construction organizations are divided into separate types and complexes of work performed on construction sites. According to this specialization, earthworks, sanitary engineering, electrical installation, heat engineering, installation of equipment, etc. are distinguished.
Construction plays a special role in the process of satisfying human needs. On the scale of large economic systems, such as a region or a country, this ultimate goal is realized step by step. These stages are related to the level of development of needs, as: construction is obliged to directly satisfy the needs of a person for housing. This is a construction product of the first, highest level; construction performs the function of assistance in meeting other immediate needs, for example, providing premises for production , storage and sale of food, consumer goods and services; production of construction is involved in the process of manufacturing means of production for the production of consumer goods and services;
In a number of ways, construction differs significantly from other branches of the national economy. This industry is characterized by a diverse structure of contractor construction organizations and enterprises, a high level of their specialization and cooperation. It is one of the most highly monopolized industries in the structure of the national economy of Ukraine. According to the volume of production and the number of employees, the construction industry occupies almost a tenth of the economy of Ukraine. In economically developed countries, in recent years, there has been a tendency to reduce construction activity. This is explained by the fact that the housing market turned out to be saturated, new construction is increasingly being replaced by reconstruction and technical re-equipment of existing enterprises.
. construction industry The construction industry is the industry of assembly of construction products and structures manufactured at specialized enterprises. The construction industry is divided into two stages: production of construction materials and products and construction itself. The development of the construction industry depends on the volumes and rates of development of a number of branches of industry, in particular, ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, energy, the industry of building materials, the woodworking industry, etc., which leads to complex inter-industry connections of capital construction.