5. Fire protection requirements and protection of structures from corrosion All metal parts and welded joints must be protected by anti-corrosion coatings. The composition and method of application of the anti-corrosion coating must be determined in accordance with the requirements of SNIP Sh-23-76. Anchors of floor slabs are protected with cement mortar according to SNIP P-28-73. wooden The distance from the smoke channel to the wood should be at least 380 mm. In those cases, when the distance is 250 mm, a felt pad is made, which is pre-moistened in clay. The crate is cut at a distance of 130 mm. from chimneys.
The level of development of the territory on which the construction of construction sites is carried out has a great influence on the industry specialization of construction organizations, its differences and peculiarities. In underdeveloped areas, the industry structure is less pronounced than in developed areas. Construction organizations that are beginning to develop the territory, except for the construction of basic industrial, transport or energy facilities, are forced to engage in the construction of infrastructure facilities. These are residential buildings, social, cultural and educational institutions, health care and communal services.
The cyclicality of construction development generally corresponds to the general economic cycle, but it has its own peculiarities related to the nature of the construction industry. Construction, as an industry that participates in the creation of basic production funds, is closely connected with the development of scientific and technical progress. On the one hand, the improvement of construction techniques and technologies allows the construction industry to perform new, previously inaccessible tasks, corresponding to the modern level of the productive forces of society. On the other hand, scientific and technical progress in the field of the consumer of construction products changes demand, forcing construction firms to master new areas of activity for them.
В крупных городах строительство ведут главные строительные управления, корпорации или холдинговые компании, которые создаются при городских советах (городской администрации), которые управляют строительством через территориальные общестроительные и специальные строительные тресты и управления. На рис. 1 представлены упрощенную схему Государственной коммунальной строительной корпорации «Киевгорстрой», которая дает представление о подчиненности различных строительных организаций. Все тресты этой компании являются акционерными объединениями.